Last update 19th March 2014
Pub - Hotel Name previous names |
Street and area |
Evidence of existence, notes and date closed |
Eagle
House |
High Street, opposite the Guildhall |
First recorded in a will of 1420, a grant of 1432, and lease records between 1481 and 1527. It was formerly the town house of the Wilford family. Between 1472 and 1555, the Eagle was the home of the Cloth Market in the city. Fate unknown. The Eagle is a heraldic device. |
Howell Road |
See Eagle Tavern for a full history. |
|
Early Bird |
Pancras Lane (Guildhall Centre) |
Existed mid 18th Century. Dymond speculates that it was popular with artizans on their way to work in the early morning. Fate unknown. |
Elephant and Castle Inn |
Summerland Street |
First listed in 1878 1942 - blitzed. Elephant and Castle is the sign of the Cutler's Company. |
Elephant Inn |
North Street |
See Elephant Inn for a full history. |
Era Hotel |
Sidwell Street |
|
EX4 |
Fore Street |
|
Exeter Hotel |
Sidwell Street |
Only listing 1894/5. It was listed as a greengrocer in 1878, and in 1897 a builder. |
Exeter Inn |
High Street, Topsham |
|
Exeter Motel |
Middlemoor |
First listed in 1967 and still trading. |
Exeter Tavern |
Alphington |
Its only listing was in 1844. There is a 'to let' advert in the Flying Post during 1781 for an Exeter Inn - this maybe the same establishment. |
Exmouth Arms |
Coombe Street - aka Rock's Lane |
Mentioned in the Flying Post in 1824, it was listed in 1830 existed. It was listed in the City Brewery inventory of 1833 with Richard Gould in residence and a 1000 year lease. |
Exmouth Inn |
Holloway Street |
Recorded in Trewman's Exeter Flying Post during 1844. This is the only known reference. |
Exmouth ph |
South Street |
Origin unknown - the only evidence of its existence is a reference in 1909 to the inn by J P Rippon, the son of the City Herald as recorded by A E Richardson. |
Exonia Vaults |
8 South Street |
First listed in 1878 at 8 South with James Dunsford as the victualler. It replaced theCollege Kitchen/Bear Inn at 9 South Street, which had been demolished in 1871. Managed by Mrs Dunsford who left when she married William Hexter of the Mint. The house was threatened with closure in 1923. The newspaper reported the case thus: "Messrs Starkey, Knight and Ford of Tiverton are the owners of the Exonia Vaults, South Street, formerly known as the Bear Inn, and one of the oldest in Exeter. Lost in the 1942 blitzed. |
Falcon Inn |
Lower North Street - adjoining North Gate |
There are deeds dating from 1752 for the Falcon Inn and another reference to it in 1756 (ref AER). It was listed in a directory in 1796. Jenkins, in his 1805 History of Exeter stated that the Falcon stood "near the scite of the ancient North Gate" where there was a cold bath, supplied by a fine spring thatissued "from under the City walls". The Falcon was mentioned in the plans proposed by the Improvement Commission for the new Iron Bridge in 1834. The last listing I have traced is for 1851 when the landlord was one Thomas Dare. It was situated at what is now 11 Lower North Street. The Falcon is a sign of the House of York. |
Fat Pig |
Smythen Street John Street |
See Coachmakers' Arms for a history. |
Farmers Union |
St Davids Hill |
After being empty for several years, it was opened as O'Neills by Barry McGuigan, the boxer in September 1996. In 1998, the same brewery renamed and refurbished it as a student Its a Scream bar. The current name is Farmers Union. |
The Ferry |
Topsham |
No history at present known. |
Fireman's Arms |
Preston Street - West Street corner |
An advert in September 1828 for the Duke of Clarence appeared in the Flying Post with Mr Cross in occupation. In 1850 an inquest mentioned a former landlord named Samuel Hexter. It was renamed Firemans' Arms and Frank Shooter, the hero of the Exe was landlord for a time. See Frank Shooter for more. |
First & Last |
Cowick Street |
|
Five Sealers |
Topsham |
Apart from its existance, nothing else known at present. |
Starz |
Lower North Street |
Originally St Annes brewery - it has had a variable history in the last few years and is now trading as Starz. |
Fleece |
Goldsmith's Lane |
A reference dated 1756 has been recorded by A E Richardson, fate unknown. |
Fleece |
North Gate |
Apart from its existence, nothing is known about this establishment. |
Fleur de Luce |
Guinea Street |
1756 "by which is a passage into the butcherow" Sherborne paper. In 1791 Robert Wreford purchased the inn from Sophia de Vial - her name may reflect the French name of the inn. A fleur de luce is a perennial herb. The inn may have also been known as the Golden Lion (see entry) and Staggs. |
Flying
Horse |
Dryden Road |
|
Follett's Arms Tavern |
St Davids Hill |
A case came up at the court regarding the passing of a counterfeit coint at the Follett Arms, in St David's parish October 1836. Only listing in a directory was 1844. There are no other mentions of the establishment. |
Foresters' Arms |
Red Cow Village |
The only mention in the Flying Post was in May 1893 when the six bedroomed, beer house known as 'The Foresters' Arms' Red Cow Village was auctioned. Included in the sale was an adjoining cottage which had a side entrance and right-of-way leading to the yard of the Red Cow Inn. The property also had a frontage of 47ft on the main road. From the description, this would place the beer house in the same row as the Red Cow. Listed in 1894/5, and again in 1906 as a refreshment house run by Mrs Bessie Delaney. It could possibly be the modern cycle shop CycVibes. |
Foresters'
Arms |
Sidwell Street |
The freehold beerhouse and premises known as the Foresters' Arms Inn, in the occupation of Mr T Edmunds, was for sale in September 1874. It was first listed as a beerhouse in 1878, listed again in 1911 with William West and 1918 with W H Lee after a succession of landlords through the war years. It was listed in 1919 without a landlords name. It took its name from Forester's Court, to which it was adjacent. Situated at number 78, close to where the present Odeon Cinema is located. It was the headquarters for St Sidwells United who went on to form Exeter City. |
Foresters' Arms |
Commercial Road |
First listed in a directory in 1822. Mr Wyatt, the landlord was granted a spirits licence in 1865. The next year, the property was up for sale along with two workshops, a warehouse and five tenements in Commercial Road. In 1873, the licence was transferred from James Wyatt to Robert Baker. In January 1879, the brewhouse caught fire, which spread along the roof of the attached skittle alley and set alight the tenements of Ware's Buildings and Odger's Row, on each side. Many residents escaped in their night clothes into the bitterly cold, January night. Fifteen tenements, belonging to Mr G Sercombe a seed merchant, were badly damaged in the blaze. A committee was formed to help the destitute families, as they had also lost all their possessions. In October 1879, Robert Carlisle from St Austell, attempted to wheel a barrow, on foot, from Land's End to John O'Groats. When he arrived in Exeter, he was escorted to Baker's Forester's Arms where he stayed the night. He resumed his journey at 7am. The last listing in a directory was in 1912. The site became the entrance to the Commercial Road Pleasure Ground. |
Fortune of War |
Old Exe Bridge |
In December 1775, the Flying Post reported that nine vagrant lodgers died in a fire which may have been caused by their manufacturing matches made of 15 cm lengths of deal - they would dip the points into a pot of melted brimstone over a fire. The brimstone boiled over and caught aflame on the fire causing the disaster. The vagrants would lodge at the Fortune of War for a penny a night; it is thought that most were suffocated by the fumes, but two managed to reach the roof, before it collapsed in flames. The newspaper reported that nine bodies had been found, but it was feared more were still missing. |
Fuller's Arms |
Coombe Street aka Rock's Lane and Roch's Lane |
First listed in a directory of 1816. The only mention in the Flying Post was in August 1819, when an inquest was held on the body of a sailor named Joseph Seely of the William and Mary from London. He fell from a plank on the vessel into the quay and drowned, while drunk. This house was last listed in 1830. |
John Gandy |
Gandy Street |
|
Gardeners' Arms |
Coronation Road South Wonford |
This public house was offered for sale in April 1860, along with Prince's Terrace, Church Street., and 2 acres of Garden. In 18658, the Gardener's Arms was the venue for a sale of grass, a heap of dung, material for a cowshed and two cows. The Exeter Working Men's Conservative Union held their annual supper at Newberry's Gardeners Arms, during February 1872. The NCO's of the Exeter Rifles used the inn for dinner, after a shooting match in 1875. First listed in a directory in 1878. John Bradford was the landlord in 1880 and the last mention during the 19th-Century was for an inquest into the death of a 15 day old child in 1894. Closed in 1998, and demolished in 2000 for housing. |
General Buller |
Cowick Street |
See Longbrooke on this page, below. |
George Inn |
North Street |
Mentioned in a 1578 deed, also mentioned in 1759 ref AER, and first listed in 1796. Last listed in 1844. However, the Besley map of 1850 shows the George Inn, and the building is still marked on the 1881 OS map. According to Peter Thomas, the Gaumont Cinema occupies the site of the inn and the yard, and some early maps confirm this. Rocques map of 1744 places the George Inn on the site of Tiger Bill's, North Street. |
George and Vulture Tavern |
n/k |
Mention June 19 1851 Flying Post, ref AER, fate unknown. |
South Street |
See George's Meeting House for a full history. |
|
Gifford's
Hotel |
High Street |
In 1878, Samuel Lemon Gifford ran a confectioners shop and boarding house at 235 High Street. Gifford became the manager of the newly rebuilt Theatre Royal for a short time after 1887. In 1890 he was running Gifford's Hotel at 253 High Street, on the Corner of Castle Street. Again listed in 1894/5 Samuel Gifford died in January 1896, and in May 1896 Mr Clements, the new owner sold the equipment so that he could open a "dining and grill room on the most improved principle" when it became the Adelphi Hotel. In 1898 at a sale of the freehold it was withdrawn at £5,450. Curiously in April 1899, the auctioneers claimed against Clements for non payment of the auction charges, while Clements counter claimed, stating that the hotel was not sold because the auctioneer, Arthur Thompson, was intoxicated and the "auction became a farce and abortive". |
Globe Alehouse |
Smith Street |
Mentioned in a 1781 Flying Post, ref AER, fate unknown. |
Topsham |
See Globe, Topsham for a full history. |
|
Cathedral Yard |
See Globe Hotel for a full history. |
|
Clifton Road |
See Globe, Newtown for a full history. |
|
Golden Ball Tavern |
Mary Arches Street |
First listed in 1816. Listed as New Golden Ball in 1850, last listed in 1897 - sold at auction 1909. The name is associated with silk merchants. See Butlers. |
Golden Eagle /Tavern |
Bartholomew Street |
A deed of 1851 refers to this inn as formerly the All Hallows New Inn. First listed as the Golden Eagle in 1844. In 1871 the licence transferred from William Strong to Michael Thorns. The owner of the inn must have wanted to close his business, for in August 1904 he offered the Council the inn for the sum of £400, for road widening. They refused the offer and in September 1904, he again offred the inn, this time for £350 - they again refused, on the basis that they did not require the whole of the premises. The matter didn't end there, for in May 1906, the Council Minutes note that the inn had been purchased for the sum of £380. |
Golden Fleece Tavern |
Smythen Street |
A fire broke out in the cellar of the Golden Fleece on 3 November 1826. The landlord, Mr Thomas Hart and his family along with Mr Heard and his wife escaped, but the premises were destroyed, despite the efforts of the military and fire engines. It was first listed in a directory in 1828 and an early landlord was Thomas Hart. A case of theft was linked to the Golden Fleece in 1863, followed by a number of other cases involving the Golden Fleece over the next few years. In February 1870, the house was for let, and in May, the licence transferred from Thomas Taverner to Francis Tucker. Name derived from woollen drapers. |
Golden Lion |
Clifton Road |
See Golden Lion for a history. |
Golden Lion |
Guinea Street |
This may have been the Fleur de Luce in the late 18th century. Destroyed by fire in the May 1942 blitz. |
Golden Lion |
Magdalen Street |
Origin unknown, fate unknown. |
Grapes Inn |
South Street |
Dymond claims William Langham became landlord from the Mitre in 1721 - The City Brewery purchased it in June 1879 for £1,250. It was lost in the 1942 blitz. Compensation was paid of £2,755 in 1951 and the site sold to ECC for £700 in 1955. The licence was transferred to the Chevalier, now the Hogs Head in 1955. |
Great Western Hotel 1923 |
Red Cow |
See Great Western Hotel for a full history. |
Green Dragon |
High Street/Bedford Street corner (then Bedford Lane) opposite Half Moon, "just above the New" |
Known as the Dragon in the 17th century, it appeared in a Brice's Weekly, August 1728 advert, and was marked on a 1734 map by Rocque. The building was demolished in 1878, although it had closed years before. The sign of the Green Dragon is associated with the Earls of Pembroke. |
Green Gables |
Buddle Lane |
See Green Gables for a history. |
Greyhound Inn |
Paris Street |
Situated next to the Bude Hotel, the inn had good stabling in the 19th century and a brewhouse. In 1898, £120 was paid for brewing plant by the City Brewery. First listed in 1850, its freehold was purchased by the City Brewery for £2,700 in 1898. It was lost in 1942 in the blitz. £5,365 war compensation was paid in 1950 and the site sold to ECC for £2,400 in 1955. The licence was transferred to the new Greyhound Hotel in Sidwell Street in 1958. A Greyhound is a traditional heraldic device associated with the Tudors. |
Grocers' Arms |
n/k |
Token from 1659, Richard Freke and 1663, John Maber, fate unknown. |
Haberdashers' Arms |
n/k |
Token from 1663, John Pearce, fate unknown. |
High Street/Bedford Street |
See Half Moon Hotel for a full history. |
|
Half Moon Inn |
Topsham |
No 22 High Street , was recorded as the Half Moon Inn in 1787. In 1830, according to Pigots, Robert Drake was in residece. It became the Sun Inn circa 1850. |
Half Moon ph |
Waterbeer Street - possibly corner of North Street |
Mentioned in North Street 1791 ref AER - only listing 1850. The landlady Mrs Stocker was fined £5 in December 1851 for keeping a disorderly house. In June 1853, it was for let with immediate possession. |
Half Moon Tap |
Catherine Street |
A standing only bar at the back of the Half Moon. Only listing 1889 listed 1897 - demolished in 1912 to be replaced by Lloyds Bank and Dellers Cafe. |
Half-Way House |
Tiverton Road Crediton Road |
First listed in 1850 listed 1856. I'm not able to place this establishmenty. |
Tiger Bills See George Inn above. |
North Street |
In the 1960s it was run by Harold Garnsworthy whose family also ran the Globe, Newtown and the Prince Albert Cowick Street. The bar on the first floor was known as Bar Acuda and gained a reputation as the centre of the red light district. It had a six day licence and was closed on Sundays. Harold Garnsworthy resisted the move to keg beer and continued to serve from a traditional beer engine. He employed a bar woman known as Mata Hari who wore a floor length black apron and collected glasses by pushing through the crowd with a couple of metal milk bottle crates. They stopped serving at 10.15pm and started hosing down the floor at 10.30 - an altogether colourful bar, in the heart of the city. See Lady in Red for a memory of the Long Bar. |
Heart of Oak |
Main Road Pinhoe |
|
Hell |
Northgate |
The name given to a dark and dingy drinking room in the Northgate, ref AER, fate unknown. |
Henry's
Bar 1997 |
Blackboy Road |
|
Hog's Head |
Fore Street |
See Chevalier Inn for a full history. |
Hole in the Wall |
John Street |
Mentioned in an 1816 Flying Post as 'Hole-in-the-Wall, St John's-street, West-quarter'. Existed early 19th C, fate unknown. Hole in the Wall derives from a small retreat - it can also derive from a literal hole in the wall for serving drinks.. |
Hole in the Wall |
Little Castle Street |
|
Hole in the Wall |
Rock Lane |
The Post-master or Loyal Mercury in 1723 was stated as dwelling house on the corner by James Meeting House. |
Honest John |
Lower Shapter Street, Topsham |
No 29, Lower Shapter Street is thought to have once been the Honest John Inn. There is evidence that the Drill Hall off Lower Shapter Street may have been a brew and malt house for the Honest John, circa 1826. |
Honiton Inn/Tavern |
Paris Street |
See Honiton Inn for history. |
Horse and Dray 1989 |
Blackboy Road |
See Horse and Dray for a history. |
Heavitree 2006 |
Fore Street, Heavitree |
See The Heavitree for a history |
Horse and Groom |
Salutary Mount, Heavitree |
Only listing 1850, fate unknown. |
Horse and Groom |
St Sidwell Street |
Only listing 1816, fate unknown - probably King Billy's in Longbrook Street. |
Melbourne Street |
See Hour Glass for a history. |
|
Hub - 2006 |
Mary Arches Street / Bartholomew St |
See Mama Stone's for a history |
Imperial |
New North Road |
See Imperial for a history. |
Ironmongers' Arms |
n/k |
Evidence for its existence comes from a token from 1657, enscribed on the reverse Thos. Gloyne and 1659, Edward Hickman. |
The Ivy |
North Street |
|
Joan Goldsmyth tavern |
n/k |
Circa 1377, innkeeper accused of running a brothel, fate unknown. Found in city records. |
John Bull Tavern |
Exwick (Exweeke) |
William Wood is listed in the census at the John Bull in 1841. Its only listing is in the 1844 Pigot's, with John Alfred Cullum as the landlord. The census record suggest it was on the Foxhayes side of the village. |
John Piers Tavern |
n/k |
Circa 1377, was also a wine importer, fate unknown. Found in the city records. |
John Splot Hosteler |
n/k |
Circa 1377, innkeeper was also a cordwainer, alderman and leather worker, fate unknown. Found in the city records. |
Jolly Porter 1957 |
St Davids Hill |
See Jolly Porter for a history. |
Quay Hill - on city wall |
Probably built 1750, listed 1830 listed 1878 - license lapsed. It was located immediately behind the Custom House, wedged against Quay Hill. |
|
Tiggas |
Magdalen Street, carpark |
|
King Alfred Inn |
150 Fore Street |
This inn was mentioned by James Cossins as existing circa 1827, when he placed it on the corner of Friernhay Street. The earliest advert was in July 1842 when a sale was held of the publicans stock of beer, spirits, store casks, copper boiler, brewing utensils four-pull beer engine etc. The inn was listed in an 1844 street directory. In celebration of the wedding of the Prince of Wales, in March 1863, businesses lining the High Street and Fore Street put up decorations and lighting including the King Alfred Inn, which hung Chinese lanterns. There was a case of a stolen umbrella, in August 1863, at the inn. Ellen O'Donougue and Mary Sanders were each found guilty of taking it and were sentenced to one months hard labour. It is not known when the inn closed and the premises became a wine, spirit and ale house, but in December 1893 a notice appeared for the business which stated it was formerly the King Alfred Tavern. |
King
Billy 2006 |
Longbrook Street |
|
King John's Tavern |
South Street, in the serge market opposite Little Stile |
See King John's Tavern for a history. |
King William |
West Quarter |
First listed in 1844, last listed in 1856, fate unknown. |
King William |
Paul Street |
|
King's Arms P.H./Tavern |
West Street |
First listed in 1822, last listed in 1823, closed 1936 ref GP. Named after the Royal coat of arms. |
King's Arms Tavern |
Sidwell Street |
|
King's Arms Tavern |
Coombe Street |
First listed in 1844, last listed in 1897, fate unknown. George Lee was the Innkeeper between 2 Apr 1871 and his death in 6 May 1878. William Henry Westcott ran the Kings Arms Inn, Coombe Street, in 1901. |
King's Head Tavern |
Sidwell Street |
First listed in 1816.The freehold was purchased by the City Brewery in 1909 for £1,400. Lost in the blitz. The sum of £3,117 was paid in 1951 for war damage and in 1957, the site was sold to ECC for £1,600. The names Pope's Head and Abbot's Head were popular for inns up to the Reformation. Landlords quickly changed the name to King's Head so as not to incur the wrath of Henry VIII. |
King's Head |
Fore Street |
Mentioned 1755 ref Western Flying Post, fate unknown. |
King's Head |
Spillers Lane |
Unknown origin, fate unknown. |
King's Head |
Shapter Street, Topsham |
|
The
King's |
Cowick Street |
See The Kings for a history. |
Knave of Clubs |
Larkbear, on the Waterside |
The grandfather of Robert Dymond, the 19th-Century Exeter historian lived in the house, possibly after it ceased as an inn. Demolished in the mid 19th Century when Larkbear House was built by Charles Bowring, and incorporated into the garden. The print shows the house in the centre with Colleton Hill between the two buildings - a line drawn between the north tower of the Cathedral and King's Sluice lines up precisely on the site of the Knave of Clubs in the print. |
Labour in Vain aka |
First
Back Lane aka |
In August 1845 the Brewers Arms (aka Labour in Vain) had Loveys William as landlord. Mentioned in the Flying Post in 1846 according to A E Richardson the last editor. Lawton, the landlord was summoned by Mr Fildew a bookseller for the nuisance of drunkenness and prostitution. Lawton was fined 20 s and 17s 6d expenses. In November 1849 a case involving the house was reported as "The Labour in Vain Beer House Once More." The report went on "This beer house has become celebrated in police annals." It was kept at the time by Joshua Lawton who defended it against alleged fighting and prostitution. He was found guilty, fined £10 and he forfeited his licence. One known derivation of this name is displayed on the sign - it shows a black-boy being washed to make him white - they weren't so politically correct in former times. It would appear that the house was also known as the Brewers Arms for in October 1849. Lawton was mentioned as the keeper of the Brewer's Arms who had been imprisoned for keeping a disorderly house. His wife was prosecuted for attempting to smuggle tobacco into the prison, for which she was sent to prison for fourteen days. |
Lamacraft |
Clifton Road |
Only listing 1923, it is probable that this is a reference to the Globe Inn, Newtown. Harry Lamacraft is one of a long line of Lamacrafts who ran pubs across the city in the 19th century. Harry Lamacraft ran the Globe Inn, Newtown from 1889 to 1919 before appearing as the last Lamacraft in the directories, running this place. It is possible that this establishment is the Globe. See Globe Inn, Newtown. |
Lamb and Flag |
South Street |
First listed in 1816, last listed as the Lamb & Flag in 1828. It was renamed the Dove (see entry Dove).. Lamb and Flag is a Templars sign. |
Lamb Inn |
Southgate Street |
A document of 1721 records its purchase for conversion to a private house and the landlord John Legg moving to the Black Lyons. |
Lamb Inn |
Topsham |
This inn is known through lease from Abraham Gibbs, gentlemen dated 1717. |
Lazy Landlord |
Bonhay Road |
In 1879, the torso of 6 month old Reginald Hyde was found in the leat of Powhay Mill by Edward Stookes. The child's head, hands, and feet were also found close by and all were taken to the Princess Alexandra Inn to be examined by a surgeon. Annie Tooke was convicted of his murder and hanged at Exeter Gaol. In June 1920, there was a char-a-banc disaster on Dunsford Hill, when one of the three victims, William Coombe, 77 years old, of the Princess Alexandra Inn, died some two months after the accident due to his injuries. The Princess Alexandra Inn was taken over by Austin Outside Caterers when they moved from their Bartholomew Street base in 1969. The move gave them a license to sell alcohol which they could use for outside catering events. It was closed by the brewery in May 1982 before re-opening as the Lazy Landlord. In 2000 the Princess Alexandra was finally closed, and in 2002 demolished and replaced with apartments. Photo courtesy of Clive Thompson. |
Topsham Quay/Fore Street |
See the Lighter for a history. |
|
Locomotive Inn |
New North Road |
See Locomotive for a history. |
London and South Western |
Paul Street, north side |
First listed in 1878, last listed in 1923, closed September 1924 according to Geoffrey Pring. The area was demolished for road widening and the Paul Street bus station created. This hotel was approximately where the entrance to Harlequins is today. |
General Buller |
Cowick Street |
|
Lord Cornwallis ph |
Mary Arches Street |
Mentioned in 1796 ref AER, fate unknown. |
Lord Nelson Inn |
High Street Topsham |
|
Lord Nelson |
Paul Street |
|
Lord Nelson |
Russell Street |
Only listing 1889, fate unknown. |
Lord Nelson |
Spillers Lane |
First listed in 1856, last listed in 1894/5, fate unknown. |
Lord Nelson |
Coombe Street |
Origin unknown, fate unknown. There are several pubs in the West Quarter that appeared and quickly disappeared, probably due to the introduction of the Beerhouses Act of 1830. |
This list is as complete as I can make it - new establishments and data will be added when found. All dates are the earliest or latest that I have seen - many pubs are older than indicated by the trade directories or the date I have researched. Current pub count 470. Some pubs may be duplicates - it is not always possible to trace name changes.
If you know any other information or have a photo of a pub please email me. This list has been compiled from hundreds of hours of research - use of small extracts in other websites and publications is prohibited unless there is a clear acknowledgement to Exeter Memories and David Cornforth of the material.
Note on sources - the sources for this section are the various trade directories, plus books by Robert Dymond, W G Hoskins, Maryanne Kowaleski, Robert Newton, Todd Gray, Hazel Harvey, Thomas/Warren, Stanton and Todd, Andrews, Elston and Shiel, John Willing, Chips Barber and the Exeter City Council history website. The Express & Echo, Exeter Gazette and Trewman's Exeter Flying Post archives at the West Country Studies Library including notes of A E Richards, and maps including tithe and insurance at the Records Office were all invaluable. Geoffrey Prings History of the Exe Island and City Brewery. With thanks to Robin Quant.
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